Sometimes called a tantric staff, it is usually made of wood, metal or bone and has three skulls on top, representing the elimination of the three root poisons, desire, aversion and ignorance. In Vajrayana Buddhism, it symbolizes the ultimate bodhicitta, the union of great blessings and emptiness. Externally, it also represents the material world of Mount Sumeru.

During the ritual, the humming sound produced by blowing the conch shell symbolizes the proclamation of divine glory. It represents the deity, as the sound from the conch shell travels far and wide.

The Damaru is made of two small drums joined together with a rope in the middle. When the Damaru is shaken, the wooden beads at both ends make a rustling sound. Symbolically, the Damaru is a hand drum made of two half skulls.

Often used as a devotional tool, prayer wheels contain scriptures, such as the popular six-syllable mantra “Om Mani Padme Hum”, which are usually printed multiple times on paper inside the wheel. It is believed that each time the prayer wheel is turned, the scriptures are activated as it rotates clockwise.

The bell represents the feminine aspect and is a symbol of wisdom (prajna). In rituals, the bell is usually held in the left hand and used together with the vajra (dorje) held in the right hand. Together, the two serve as symbolic objects that guide the path to enlightenment.

Commonly known as the vajra or vajra scepter, it represents the path or method and is a symbol of the unshakable male principle in Vajrayana Buddhism.The five prongs of the vajra represent the Five Vajras, namely Vairocana, Akshobhya, Ratnamsambhava, Amitabha and Amogasiddhi.